The Absher File Size Problem
Tighter than Kazakhstan's 30KB, and it varies by form.
Saudi passport applications now run largely through Absher, and the portal's file size limits are the tightest you will meet. Reported ceilings run from as little as 5-20KB on some forms up to around 100KB on others, depending on which application you are filling in.
Those figures come from third-party guides rather than a single published specification, and they clearly differ by form, so treat the exact number as something to read off the upload field in front of you rather than a fixed rule. What is reliable is the direction: assume you will need a very small file.
Get there by lowering JPEG quality, not by shrinking pixel dimensions. Downscaling to hit a byte count leaves the face too small to verify, which fails a different check. If you are fighting a 20KB limit, a tighter but still compliant crop and a plain even background compress far better than a busy one.